Posted on July 12, 2022
Into the Brachyhypopomus, violence and you may courtship are connected; each other occur at best cost in reproduction 12 months. Yet not, during the G. omarorum, violence including takes place beyond your reproduction season if it suits generally in territorial relationships ( Batista mais aussi al., 2012 ; Zubizarreta ainsi que al., 2015 ). Both female and male Gymnotus are particularly aggressive, introducing open lips periods within a few minutes of your run into. An obvious series away from EOD modulations follows. Regarding the contest phase, ‘offs’ otherwise done interruptions of one’s EOD is released because the submissive signals. The brand new matches themselves are short (as much as dos–step 3 minute). After the event quality, the new submissive fish advances the lifetime of the newest disturbance and you may contributes characteristic chirps out of ?400ms inside the period. Males and females display indistinguishable EOD modulations.
Analogous modulations of the EOD features convergently developed regarding heart circulation-style of mormyrid fishes. Brienomyrus brachyistius supplies about three distinct style of EOD modulations in numerous public contexts ( Carlson and you can Hopkins, 2004 ). (more…)